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Designers must understand many basic concepts regarding pumps and hydronic systems, but for this article the fluid systems discussed will be water only. 

The eventual wear and tear of the system, which dictates overall material selections. 

Parallel and series pumping schemes also affect the pump-system curve relationship. Pumps in parallel operate at the same pressure but their flow rates are additive, while pumps in series operate at the same flow rates and their pressures (head) are additive. One way to increase flow rate without sizing the system with a bigger pump is to put in two or three pumps in parallel. This might also be advantageous for continuity of service or redundancy (N+1).

Regarding step 2 above, selecting a “non-overloading” motor size is usually the best method; however, there may be times when the designer might select a motor that could overload in a run-out condition. 

Randy Schrecengost is a project manager/senior mechanical engineer with Stanley Consultants. He has extensive experience in design and in project and program management at all levels of engineering, energy consulting, and facilities engineering. He is a member of the Consulting-Specifying Engineer editorial advisory board.

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